This study examined the direct influence of the perceived organizational support (POS) on counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). This study also analyzed the role of organizational-based self-esteem (OBSE) as a mediator to the above relationship. Data were obtained from 660 public service officers serving in the Malaysian ministries. The regression analysis showed that the POS and OBSE have a significant negative influence on both CWB-organizational (CWB-O) and CWB-interpersonal (CWB-I). The bootstrapping analysis carried out confirmed the role of OBSE as a mediator in the relationship between POS and CWB-O and CWB-I. From the theoretical implications, this study explains the role of OBSE as an intervening mechanism in linking the POS and CWB. The practical implication suggests the importance of enhancing POS and employees’ OBSE in the effort to reduce employees’ involvement in CWB.