摘要：Recording ocean-bottom pressures in offshore regions has increased our understanding of tsunami sources and promoted the development of rapid source estimation for early tsunami warning.Analytical solutions for the water height at the surface have often played an important role as a reference model in these efforts.To understand the system better and to develop the techniques further, not only the water height but the velocity in the sea and the pressure at the sea bottom are important.The present study obtains a solution for the velocity potential for sea-bottom deformation with an arbitrary source time function, and derives analytical solutions for the velocity distributions in the sea and the pressure at the bottom.These enable us to visualize the tsunami generation process, including the velocity field.The solutions can also give a theoretical background for setting the initial conditions of height and velocity in 2-D tsunami propagation simulations.Furthermore, the solution of the ocean-bottom pressure indicates that when the sea-bottom uplifts at an increasing rate, the sea-bottom pressure increases through a dynamic effect.This dynamic contribution will not be negligible as we develop more rapid and precise source estimation techniques using ocean-bottom pressure gauges within the source region. Key words Tsunami theory generation propagation.
