摘要：Objetivo: caracterizar por primera vez los principales hábitos relacionados con las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en estudiantes universitarios. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal en una muestra estimada de 248 estudiantes entre indígenas y mestizos que ingresaron en 2012 en la Universidad Nacional de Agricultura, Honduras. Se contó con la aprobación del Comité de Ética del Instituto de Nutrición de Centroamérica y Panamá y con el consentimiento de los participantes. Se aplicó el cuestionario "STEPS" para recolectar información sociodemográfica, consumo de frutas, verduras, tabaquismo, alcoholismo y actividad física. Se realizó examen físico que incluyó toma de presión arterial, medida de la cintura, talla, peso y glucometría. Resultados: en la muestra, 139 (56,28 %) eran hombres. La edad promedio fue de 21,5 años. El 22,22 % tenía sobrepeso; 4,12 % bajo peso y 3,29 % obesidad; 12,75 % declararon fumar y 53,5 % consumir alcohol. En promedio, hombres y mujeres, consumían 1,6 y 1,1 porciones de frutas y verduras al día respectivamente. El 94,74 % utilizaba bicicleta o caminaba al menos 10 minutos; 58,1 % practicaba deportes. El 98 % tenía presión arterial normal y el 5,74 % prediabetes (101-125 mg/dL en ayunas). Conclusiones: la población estudiantil lenca y otras etnias no se diferencian en su estado nutricional de los mestizos. La población posee factores protectores para las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles como actividad física y bajo consumo de tabaco, pero ingieren apenas frutas y verduras. Las mujeres participan menos en deportes.
其他摘要：Objective: to characterize for the first time the main habits related to noncommunicable chronic diseases in university students. Methods: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in an estimated sample of 248 students from native and mixed groups, who joined the National University of Agriculture in 2012 in Honduras. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama. The participants gave their informed consent. The questionnaire "STEPS" was used for collecting socio-demographic information, data on consumption of fruits, vegetables, smoking, alcohol and physical activity. A physical examination including measurement of height, weight, waist, blood pressure and blood glucose levels was performed in all of them. Results: of the surveyed 248 students, 139 (56.28 %) were men. The average age was 21.5 years and 63.71 % of the participants had a monthly family income of less than US$255. In the group, 22.22 % were overweighed, 3.29 % obese and 4.12 % low weighed. Alcohol was taken by 53.5 % and 12.75 % were current smokers. An average of 1.6 and 1.1 portions of fruits and vegetables per day were consumed, respectively. In this sample, 94.74 % rode a bicycle or walked at least 10 minutes a day; 58.1 % played sports. Most of them (98 %) had normal blood pressure and 5.74 % showed pre-diabetic glucose levels (101-125 mg/dL on fasting). Conclusions: the lencas and other native groups were not important different in nutritional status from students of mixed race. The population has protective factors that prevent it from developing non communicable diseases like physical activity and low smoking indexes; however, they barely consume fruits and vegetables. Women were especially less involved in sports.
关键词：Diabetes; hipertensión; etnias; tabaquismo; alcoholismo; consumo de frutas y verduras; sedentarismo; población universitaria.
其他关键词：Diabetes; hypertension; ethnics; smoking; alcoholism; fruit and vegetable consumption; sedentary lifestyle; university population.
