摘要：This paper presents a new mathematical method for constructing abstract labour as conceived by Karl Marx, in a general input-output model with joint production and heterogeneous labour. A brief history of previous efforts to define and compose abstract labour using input-output models is also described. A numerical example is given to show how our method works in a concrete way.
其他摘要：This paper presents a new mathematical method for constructing abstract labour as conceived by Karl Marx, in a general input-output model with joint production and heterogeneous labour. A brief history of previous efforts to define and compose abstract labour using input-output models is also described. A numerical example is given to show how our method works in a concrete way.
关键词：Abstract labour; eigenvalue; eigenvector; heterogeneous labour; Kakutani fixed point theorem.
其他关键词：Abstract labour; eigenvalue; eigenvector; heterogeneous labour; Kakutani fixed point theorem.
