Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive method to produce potent changes in cortical excitability. Therefore, the application of rTMS was recently proposed to promote functional recovery in stroke patients, owing to the induced neuroplasticity. It is important to note that stimulating the brain at a specific site does not only affect the neuronal activity at that site, but the activity throughout the entire neural network. In this review, both local and distant effect of rTMS through related network will be discussed based on previous neuroimaging evidences showing network plasticity. We'd like to extend the discussion to stroke patients, which would be useful for application of rTMS in the clinical rehabilitation field.