摘要：The study was conducted on the three major farming systems of Haryana viz. wheat-cotton, vegetable and dairy farming system. After appropriate selection of districts and villages, 120 families were selected from different land holding categories with 40 each per system. Both male and female farmers were interviewed. Majority of men and women in wheat-cotton and vegetable farming system were older compared with dairy farming system, majority had low educational profile, married, Hindus, jats by caste in wheat-cotton and dairy farming system and from backward caste in vegetable farming system, income varied between the farming systems depending on size of landholding or number of animals. Land was largely owned by men. Daily time spent pattern revealed wide gender differentials and during peak season men spent 8.5 hours and 7.0 hours in wheat-cotton and vegetable farming system in productive field activities and women 6.30 hours and 7.35 hours, respectively while in dairy farming system men spent 8.78 hours and women 3.42 hours. Migrant labour was involved in dairying by few. In all farming system, women spent more hours then men in reproductive work involving various household tasks and had a much longer working day with multiple tasked jobs. On the wage front women got 2/3 rd of the wage paid to men. On the technology front they rarely used improved tools and equipment while men often used tractor for varied tasks. The gender dynamics reveals subordinate position of women and was mainly based on sex, land holding size and nature of farming system
关键词：Gender; farming systems; time utilization pattern; technology usage; wage differentials
