摘要：Tables Authors J. Koulidiati 13 * S. Sawadogo 2 Y. Sagna 3 K.S. Somda 2 H. Tieno 3 E. Kafando 2 Y.J. Drabo 2 1 Service d’hématologie clinique du CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 06 BP 9625 Ouagadougou 06, Burkina Faso 2 UFR sciences de la santé, université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 3 Médecine interne, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso * Correspondance Key words: Biermer disease (pernicious anemia), megaloblastic anemia, vitamin B12, Burkina Faso DOI : 10.1684/mst.2014.0417 Page(s) : 428-31 Published in: 2015 Pernicious anemia (also known as Biermer disease or anemia, Addison or Addisonian anemia, and Addison-Biermer anemia)is an autoimmune atrophic gastritis responsible for vitamin B12 malabsorption due to a deficiency of intrinsic factor. We report eight cases of pernicious anemia in Burkina Faso, collected over a 44-month period. The three criteria for diagnosis of pernicious anemia were: vitamin B12 deficiency, gastric disease (gastric histology) with presence of anti-intrinsic factor, and/or anti-gastric parietal cell antibodies in serum. All patients had anemia, with a mean hemoglobin level of 8.75 g/100 mL. The average mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was 122.1 fL the average mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) 39.3 pg, the mean reticulocyte count 12.069 109/L reticulocytes, and the mean rate of megaloblast marrow cells 17.2%. The serum vitamin B12 level ranged from 35 to 71 pmol/L. Antibodies against intrinsic factor were found in all eight patients. All ABO blood groups were present with a predominance (4 cases) of group O. Endoscopy found a normal fundic mucosa in three patients. Histology showed gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia for six patients (85.7%). Under B12 vitamin therapy, the course was favorable in all patients; seven patients also had 10 days of iron therapy. We recommend a gastric biopsy even in the absence of macroscopic gastric lesions on the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
