期刊名称：Euro Area Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Statistics
印刷版ISSN：1830-3420
电子版ISSN：1830-3439
出版年度：2014
出版社：European Central Bank
摘要：We estimate non-cash income from owner occupied housing, subsidized rental housing,or free use of one's main residence and evaluate their impact on the unconditional distributionof household income and selected inequality measures. We con rm the standard nding in the literature that imputed rents accruing to home owners have an equalizinge ect on the distribution of income and nd similar evidence for non-cash income from subsidizedrents. Whereas imputed rents equalize the upper part of the income distribution,subsidized housing has an equalizing e ect on the lower part of the income distribution.Overall, the e ect of non-cash income from owner occupied housing clearly dominates thedistributional e ects, which translates into a combined e ect of around 15% higher incomefor the bottom half and around 10% for the upper half of the unconditional incomedistribution. Our data provide us with the rare opportunity to apply all three commonlyused approaches to calculate imputed rents for owner occupiers: capital-, self-assessmentand equivalent rent approach. We nd that using the equivalent rent approach leads tothe strongest reduction in income inequality
