期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2015
卷号：22
期号：3
页码：459-466
DOI：10.5604/12321966.1167714
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Introduction and objective. Infectious and parasitic diseases transmitted by ticks, such as Lyme diseases, granulocyticanaplasmosis and piroplasmosis, have been frequently reported in Europe, with increasing attention to them as an emergingzoonotic problem. The presented study was performed to assess the distribution and the density of questing ticks in threeregional parks of Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy, and to seek molecular evidence of potential human pathogensin tick populations.Materials and Methods. In the period April-October 2010, 8,139 questing ticks were collected: 6,734 larvae, 1,344 nymphsand only a few adults – 28 females and 33 males. The abundance of Ixodes ricinus questing ticks was compared amongdifferent sampling sites and related to microclimate parameters. 1,544 out of 8,139 ticks were examined for the presenceof pathogens: PCR was used to detect piroplasms DNA and Real time Taqman PCR for Anaplasma phagocytophilum andBorrelia burgdorferi s.l.Results. The predominant species was I. ricinus (overall abundance 1,075.9/100 m2); more rarely, Dermacentor marginatus(n = 37 – 0.45%), Scaphixodes frontalis (n = 13 – 0.16%), Hyalomma spp. (n = 6 – 0.07%) and Ixodes acuminatus (n = 3 – 0.04%)were also found. 28 out of 324 (8.6%) samples of ticks were PCR-positive for piroplasm DNA. 11 amplicons of 18S rRNA genewere identical to each other and had 100% identity with Babesia EU1 (Babesia venatorum) using BLAST analysis. Real timeTaqman PCR gave positive results for A. phagocytophilum in 23 out of 292 samples (7.9%), and for B. burgdorferi s.l. in 78 outof 292 samples (26.7%). I. ricinus was the only species found positive for pathogens by molecular analysis; 16 tick sampleswere co-infected with at least 2 pathogens.Discussion. The peak of nymph presence was in May, and the higher prevalence of pathogens occurred in April-June, mostoften in nymphs; therefore, spring season could represent the higher risk period for the transmission of pathogens. Thesedata could provide guidelines for the preventions of tick-trasmitted diseases in this region
