期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2015
卷号：22
期号：3
页码：524-529
DOI：10.5604/12321966.1167728
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Introduction and objective. Knowledge of the harmful influence of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has a positiveimpact on changing social behaviours worldwide. In many homes smoking is totally prohibited; in some others, partiallimitations of tobacco consumption have been introduced.Objective. To study the correlation between the adopted rules of tobacco use in homes of 3-year-olds, and the kind andfrequency of acute respiratory system infections within a 6-month period of attending pre-schools.Materials and methods. The study was performed among children attending municipal pre-schools in Białystok, Poland. Thedata was collected by anonymous questionnaires completed by the parents of 302 children aged 3 years chosen randomlyfrom 1,200 children attending 51 pre-schools. The exposure of children to tobacco smoke was measured by determiningcotinine to creatinine ratio (CCR) in urine.Results. In the 150 families of children who were surveyed, 210 were smokers. Every day, the smokers consisted of fathers(37.3%) and mothers (23.6%). The 3-year-old children were divided into 3 groups according to smoking habits in their homes:28.5% of the children under examination came from homes where tobacco smoking was forbidden (mean CCR – 15.21ng/mg, SD=11.86), 26.2% came from homes where tobacco was smoked in separate rooms (mean CCR – 65.75 ng/ml, SD=81.51),45.4% lived in homes where no rules connected with smoking had been established (mean CCR – 61.75 ng/ml, SD= 70.29).During the analyzed period of 6 months, 85% of the children had at least 1 respiratory tract infection (60% – upper, 16.9%– lower, 16.5% – upper and lower, 7.1% – otitis media).Conclusions. The majority of the 3-year-old children who had lower respiratory tract infections required antibiotics andhospitalization. Living in a home where no tobacco rules were established may cause an increase of respiratory tract infections
