期刊名称：International Journal of Electronics Communication and Computer Engineering
印刷版ISSN：2249-071X
电子版ISSN：2278-4209
出版年度：2012
卷号：3
期号：6
页码：1586-1590
出版社：IJECCE
摘要：Digital watermarking is an emerging technique to protect data security and intellectual property right. Identification or verification of watermarking patterns can be achieved by detecting watermarks in received signals. Watermarking is applied in the contourlet domain, which represents image edges sparsely, as the human visual system is less sensitive to the image edges. The contourlet transform is a new two-dimensional extension of the wavelet transform using multiscale and directional filter banks. In the presented scheme , watermark data is embedded in directional sub-band with the highest energy. By modeling the contourlet coefficients with General Gaussian Distribution (GGD), the distribution of watermarked noisy coefficients is analytically calculated. At the receiver, based on the Maximum Likelihood (ML) decision rule, an optimum detector by the aid of channel side information is proposed. In the next step, a blind extension of the suggested algorithm is presented using the patchwork idea
关键词：Contourlet Transform; Maximum Likelihood Detector; Multiplicative Image Watermarking
