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  • 标题:Immunisation and vitamin A capsule coverage in a semi-urban area of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:V Comley ; N Nkwanyana ; A Coutsoudis
  • 期刊名称:South African Journal of Child Health
  • 印刷版ISSN:1994-3032
  • 电子版ISSN:1999-7671
  • 出版年度:2015
  • 卷号:9
  • 期号:4
  • 页码:108-111
  • 出版社:African Journals Online
  • 摘要:

    Background. The Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) in South Africa (SA) has had a large effect on vaccine-preventable illnesses, yet there is little in the literature describing access to and utilisation of the programme beyond 1 year of age. Coverage of vitamin A supplementation is examined through District Health Information System data, but this does not give a fair assessment of the lifetime coverage in a child or provide any correlation with the immunisation status of the child.

    Objectives. To describe utilisation and dropout rate with the vitamin A and immunisation programmes over the first 6 years of life among children aged 6 - 8 years in a semi-urban population in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province, SA. A secondary objective was to investigate whether access and dropout rates are associated between these two programmes.

    Methods. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 923 anonymised Road-to-Health cards, extracting information on immunisation and vitamin A coverage.

    Results. Overall, 92.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 91.2 - 94.6) and 88.5% (95% CI 86.4 - 90.5) of children were fully immunised by 12 months and 18 months of age, respectively. The percentage of children fully immunised by 6 years of age dropped to 44% (95% CI 41.2 - 47.6). The dropout rates for measles, and diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus 1 - 3 vaccination were 2.4% and 1.2%, respectively. Vitamin A had an overall coverage of 34.9% during 6 - 60 months of life for this population, with children receiving, on average, three doses (interquartile range 2 - 5).

    Conclusion. Despite good immunisation coverage in the first 18 months of life, there was relatively poor vitamin A coverage, suggesting a need for re-evaluation of the current vitamin A capsule distribution programme.

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