期刊名称：OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers
电子版ISSN：1815-6797
出版年度：2013
期号：65
DOI：10.1787/5k3xznkz60vk-en
出版社：Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
摘要：Trade flows are significantly affected by the trade agreements both with respect toimpacts on pre-existing trade flows, (intensive margin) and on new, previously nonexistenttrade flows (extensive margin). The effect of the Regional Trade Agreements onpre-existing trade flows are found to be significant with a mean elasticity of substitutionat the product level of about 2 so that a 1% preferential margin increases trade by only2% on average. Total bilateral exports are found to be increased by 18% on average forproducts benefiting from a preferential margin between 5 and 10%, and by 48% forproducts where the margin exceeds 10%. The effect of an RTA agreement on extensivemargin is to increase the probability to export a given a product to a partner country byone percentage point on average. Furthermore preferential margins, as measured throughtheir impact on tax-inclusive consumer prices, nearly double within eight years of entryinto force rising from 4.7% to 8.9% on average.This study focuses on measuring the effects of tariff preferences accorded byagreement partners. It relies on trade and tariff data at a detailed product level for each ofthe 78 Agreements considered, over the period 1998-2009. The econometric assessmentis based on difference-in-differences panel estimations, whereby exports to thirddestinations and imports from third origins are used as a benchmark when assessing thetrade impact of RTAs between partners, product by product.
