摘要：P hysical activity (PA) is associated with many health benefits, including reduced risk of of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke and heart disease (Chief Medical Officers, 2011). From an educational perspective, PA has been found to improve cognitive functioning, aiding children's learning through improved concentration (Norlander et al., 2005), attention (Maher, 2011) and memory (Kamijo et al., 2011). Children participate in PA in multiple ways; for example, active play, physical education (PE), and extra-curricular and community sport programmes. Moreover, children enjoy participating in PA and often want to increase their participation (Ridgers et al., 2006). Given that there is evidence that taking part in PA may be protective against smoking uptake (Audrain- McGovern et al., 2003; Rodriguez and Audrain- McGovern, 2005; Kaczynski et al., 2008), it is suggested that PA contexts such as PE and sport could be utilised as a vehicle for smoking
