Lepidopteran larval assemblages were collected in the northern part of the Malé Karpaty Mts (western Slovakia), on three oak species ( Quercus polycarpa , Q. pubescens and Q. cerris ) in forests with closed canopy and in sunlit forests. The studied habitats were situated very near each other, without any barriers for moving insects. The abundance and composition of larval assemblages were affected by the host tree species more than by the forest structure. The polyphagous Archips xylosteana , living on various species of host trees (also on oaks), avoided the Turkey oak. Agriopis leucophaeria and Aleimma loeflingiana were evaluated as the indicator species associated with Q. pubescens .