Aimed to obtain a type of oil displacement with both surface activity and polymer performances, this paper based on mixing initiators at low temperatures, prepared a type of anion–nonionic surface–active polymer oil displacement agent (ANSP–1) by introducing polymerizable anion–nonionic surfmer (ANS–1), acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA). Structure of ANSP–1 was measured by FTIR. Laboratory studies show that ANS–1 occurs graft copolymerization with AM, avoids chromatographic separation, it has better performances on molecular properties, tackifying performance, salt resistance, shear resistance and thermal stability, oil–water interfacial tension can reach 1x10^–1 mN/m. Field application shows that average recovery ratio of the test wells which used ANSP–1 is 11%, is 6.2% higher than the whole area.