摘要：Plant growth regulators were used in an attempt to directly induce adventitious shoots in 15 carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.; Caryophyllaceae) cultivars: 'Orange Sherbert' , 'Avalanche' , 'Magenta', 'La France', 'Stripe Red', 'Marie', 'Concerto PVP', 'Snap', 'Lucky Pierot', 'Cinnamon Tea', 'White Love', 'Siberia', 'Magesta' , 'Spark Bruno', and 'Honono no Estejo'. After sowing seeds on top of autoclaved moistened filter paper, internodes between nodes 1 to 4 from the apical meristem were surface sterilized and induced to form shoots in the presence of 1 mg L –1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 1 mg L –1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Shoots were excised from mother explants and subcultured on Hyponex. (N-P-K = 6.5-6-19) medium containing 30% (w/v) sucrose to establish in vitro stock cultures, which was possible for all 15 cultivars. After two sub-cultures to eliminate the possible influence of seed-derived heterogeneity, internodes, transversal thin cell layers (tTCLs) from internode tissue, nodes and leaves from nodes 1 to 4 of one-month-old stock plantlets were excised and placed on MS basal medium containing 0, 1, 2, 4 or 8 g L –1 2,4-D, TDZ, kinetin (Kin) or 6-benzyladenine (BA), together with 0, 0.5, or 1.0 mg L –1 NAA. Shoots formed best in the presence of 1 mg L –1 TDZ and 0.5 mg L –1 NAA from all cultivars. Callus, which was induced in the presence of BA, Kin and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, was not quantified. Results from all 15 cultivars were pooled: the largest number of shoots formed from nodes (4.85 per explant), although many more shoot initials formed. Internode tissue and tTCLs performed poorly. Individual shoots one-cm long excised from explants rooted easily (100%) in Hyponex. medium. This study provides a relatively effective and almost genotype-independent protocol for the establishment of carnation in vitro cultures
