BACKGROUND: Experience of awareness and recall during general anesthesia would be most distressing for patients. Especially for the cesarean section, medical team must consider both maternal awareness and fetal safety. Authors tried to know the possibility of propofol use as induction and maintenance agent of anesthesia for the cesarean section in respect of maternal awareness, recall and fetal safety. METHODS: Forty patients (ASA physical status 1, 2) were allocated randomly to either propofol (n=20) (P) or thiopental-enflurane (n=20) (T-E) group. We checked B.P, pulse rate, and the incidence of maternal awareness using the isolated forearm technique (IFT). The postoperative interview was conducted between 12~24h after operation. RESULTS: The incidence of maternal awareness signaled by flexing fingers in response to voice commands were significantly lower in the T-E group (20% after induction, no response during other times) than the P group (45% after induction, then 35%, 30%, after 5, 10 min delivery respectively). Seven patients had postoperative recall of introspective awareness in the P group but no patients in the T-E group. The 1 min Apgar score of the newborn were significantly lower in the P group than the T-E group but both groups were within normal range. CONCLUSIONS: Our date indicated that, in comparison with thiopental-enflurane, propofol infusion (6 mg/kg/h) were associated with a greater incidence of awareness during surgery and recall.