Bronchial anthracofibrosis has recently been defined as a luminal narrowing associated with anthracotic pigmentation on bronchoscopy without a relevant history of pneumoconiosis or smoking. However, bronchial anthracofibrosis and tuberculosis have been strongly suggested to be related. Anthracofibrotic lesions have a potential for massive bleeding during endobronchial procedure. This report describes a case of bronchial bleeding, encountered after anesthesia for radical prostatectomy in a bronchial anthracofibrosis patient.