The Remote Islands Development Act made remote islands excessively depend on the central government.　Since the financial situation of the central government is aggravated, remote islands as well as other small municipalities are required to examine how they can govern themselves.　This study examined how a regional development plan applied to a remote island, Tsushima, is meaningful for the region. First, chronological changes in the regional industrial economic structure were analyzed by applying a specialization coefficient.　Second, a questionnaire was conducted to investigate residents’ opinions about a future regional plan.　Third, a latent mixture model was applied to the questionnaire results, and several classes identified by residents’ consciousness structure were estimated. Analysis of the regional economy using a socialization coefficient revealed that Tsushima’s regional economics were largely dependent on infrastructure development subsidized by the central government.　However, according to respondents’ opinions observed in the questionnaire, infrastructure development was not a major demand of the residents as a use for the subsidy.　The latent mixture model analysis classified the respondents into two clusters.　The first cluster containing 70% of the respondents, showed a tendency for low interest in resettlement and living collectively, as well as less expectation toward governmental initiatives.　The second cluster with 30% respondents, tended to expect governmental initiatives and were positive about the resettlement and collective living plan. Relationships between characteristics of each cluster regarding community communication and attitudes towards a future regional development were consistent with common knowledge in a social capital context.　The first cluster with a negative attitude toward the region-reform resettlement plan, had stronger ties within the local community than the second cluster that had a positive attitude toward the reform plan. When making future policies, policy makers should pay attention to the opinions of the first cluster, which contains the majority.　Therefore, it would be more sound and sustainable development if the main body of the future policy changed from ordinal infrastructure development to subsidy for making a diffused-autonomous community on the island.　Changes in infrastructure development and how people live and gather may bring a new style of people-to-people exchanges that may be able to change the situation of regional economics.　The results show that it is one future regional plan that can possibly be supported by the majority of the inhabitants of the island. JEL Classifications:O2, R1, R5