摘要：Advances in basic science and applied technology to various fields of research, facilitate the microbiological characteristics of most oral diseases. That is why for some time until the present, methods such as microorganism culture, staining techniques and biochemical tests, became a great help to achieve that objective in seeking answers to the questions microbiological same as those circumstances where agencies present challenges to its isolation. This is where the identification can be made from molecular techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction of (PCR),in situ hybridization, sequencing, polymorphism analysis of restriction fragment (RFLP) between different methods with which they are at present. Adequate and accurate identification of the specific organism in the pathology allows designing better treatment strategies that lead to the cure of patients and implementation of optimal prevention programs, avoiding the recurrence of clinical pathology in modern dentistry. Keywords: Polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, culture media, microbiology, periodontics, endodontics
