期刊名称：International Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology Research
电子版ISSN：2408-7262
出版年度：2014
期号：6807
页码：229-235
语种：English
出版社：International Invention Journals
摘要：The main objective of this study was to compare incidences of diarrhea between (WASHE)-serviced and non-WASHE (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Education) rural areas of Monze from 2008 to 2012 inclusive. The year 2007 was used as the ‘before intervention’ year. The study was achieved by using a Quasi-experimental study (i.e. non-randomized, but controlled before and after) to help in determining the impact of WASHE programme on incidences of diarrhoea in WASHE-serviced areas. The study site was purposively selected. It included all households in rural areas whether WASHE-serviced or not from the 2007 to 2012 inclusive. A census of WASHE annual reports and the diarrhoea Health Management Information System reports (derived from DHIS2 (District Health Information Software)), from 2007 to 2012 inclusive, were used as secondary data. The six WASHE indicators used in the study were water supply, latrines, hand-washing facilities, dish racks, refuse pits and bath shelter. The findings were that in the WASHE-serviced areas, only latrines and hand-washing facilities (though with the least coverage at 11% and 15% respectively), had significant impact on the incidence of diarrhoea from 2008 to 2012. Linear regression showed a negative relationship between some WASHE indicators (latrines and hand-washing facilities) and the diarrhoea incidences: an increase in the number of latrines and hand-washing facilities reduced the incidence of diarrhoea per 1000 cases by 0.026 and 0.075 respectively, with p-values of 0.002 and 0.045 correspondingly. Although with least coverage among other indicators in the WASHE-serviced areas, latrines and hand-washing facilities significantly influenced the incidences of diarrhea in the period of study. The study also concluded that the diarrhoea incidence could not be attributed to the functionality of WASHE intervention only but also to other confounding factors outside the realm of WASHE programme. Keywords: WASHE, Diarrhoea incidence, Monze, WASHE-serviced areas.
