摘要：Copular complements of Indo-European languages can be expressed either through
a more static, nominal concept or through a more transient, verbal one. This is a
twofold paradigm, which is realized in a different manner for each of the individual
Indo-European languages, for instance by the presence or lack of a copular verb or
word order. In Vedic for example the predicative adjective occurs before the noun
and therefore stands for a nominal concept, comparable with the position of the
attributive adjective. But Vedic has also a special kind of word formation which
differentiates between the two concepts, i.e. the two distinct accent patterns for the
nomen agentis formed with-tar-, the acrostatic and the hysterodynamic pattern. The
acrostatic accent, the more verbal pattern, retains unmodified elements of the basic
verb whereas the hysterodynamic pattern requires a complement as genitivus
obiectivus and therefore represents a more nominal concept. The acrostatic type can
be related to a stage level predicate and the hysterodynamic one to an individual level
predicate. Vedic therefore yields a very important contribution to the study of the
properties which are predicated over the referent of the subject.
