标题：The Nexus between Political Instability, Defence Spending and Economic Growth in the Middle East Countries: Bootstrap Panel Granger CausalityAnalysis
期刊名称：Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti Bulletin : Economic Sciences Series
印刷版ISSN：2284-8576
电子版ISSN：2247-8582
出版年度：2015
卷号：4
页码：1-14
出版社：Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti
摘要：This paper investigates the direction of causality between political instability, defence spending and economic growth for 12 MENAT countries during the period 1988-2013 within a panel data framework, which considers the issues of cross-sectional dependency and slope heterogeneity among countries investigated simultaneously. We find a positive causality relationship from political instability and defence spending to economic growth for only Lebanon; a positive causality relationship from political instability and economic growth to defence spending for Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Morocco and Turkey; a positive causality relationship from economic growth and defence spending to political instability for Egypt, Israel and Turkey. Thus, empirical results point out that the military as a government institution have played the central role of upon economic growth and political instability for Lebanon, Egypt, Israel and Turkey.
