标题：Modelisation by SALTMOD of Leaching Fraction and Crops Rotation as Relevant Tools for Salinity Management in the Irrigated area of Dyiar Al-Hujjej,Tunisia
期刊名称：International Journal of Computer and Information Technology
印刷版ISSN：2279-0764
出版年度：2014
卷号：3
期号：4
页码：841
出版社：International Journal of Computer and Information Technology
摘要：Irrigated agriculture faces serious problems of soil salinization in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Tunisian saline soils occupy about 25% of the total irrigated area. In this study, the irrigated area of "Diyar El Hujjaj" in Tunisia was considered when sea water intrusion and a salinisation of the aquifer were observed. As a result, many pumping wells and farms have been abandoned. An expensive surface fresh water transfer from more than 100 Km was done and a mixture between aquifer salty water and surface water is common practice. In this paper, SaltMod model was used to simulate and analyze the soil salinity evolution under several water management scenarios. The first one was a new practice (simultaneously growth of strawberry and pepper). The others concerned the soil salinity evolution under crops rotation compounded by irrigated high value crops, fallow and rainfed crops using an alternative water supply options: groundwater, surface water and a mixture of surface water and groundwater. Results show that in using only groundwater, simulated soil salinity reaches its peak of about 12 dS m -1 when average salinity as high as 9 dS m -1 was recorded, and then decreases significantly to a level of 2 dS/m when surface water is applied. However these conditions are not usually met in the study area conditions as the crop water requirement is fairly difficult to be satisfied by surface water irrigation. The new farming practices option using mixture of surface and groundwater could be sufficient to keep soil within an acceptable range of salinity level of about 2.5 dS/m and 5 dS/m during the first and the second year respectively. Under the case study conditions, using the mixture of groundwater and surface water could be a viable alternative for irrigation with an agriculture practices including crops rotation, fallow and/or rainfed crops. Thus, to assure the agricultural success in areas at high risk of salinity, it appears indispensable to control the economical factors relating to the interaction between land attribution and irrigated area management and study the feasibility of the water desalination for agriculture particularly for crops of high added value.
