摘要：Globalization and competitiveness are two of the most common presences in the public discourse. But, surprisingly (or not), both of them mean different things for different people (and the meanings of the concepts themselves evolved in time), they are analyzed and evaluated by specific methods and measures at the different levels, and they lead to different conclusions – generated by the different – theoretical and practical – approaches. So, there are a lot of interdependencies between globalization and competitiveness – if we talk about them diachronically as well as synchronically. There should be no doubt that globalization is the general framework, the ever ch anging context within entities – firms, clusters and countries – are looking for sustainable competitiveness. And this is happening because, given the objective liberalization and globalization of the (almost) entire world, the search for (global) competitiveness is a non-optional desire or preference – in order for firms and clusters to simply survive, and for countries to grow and develop.
关键词：globalization; competitiveness; localization; firm; nation; loca(liza)tion; industry
