摘要:Dependence structures in capital markets have recently attracted increasingattention among economists, empirical researchers, and practitioners. In orderto control a portfolio for risks, portfolio managers and regulators have to takeinto account a degree of dependence between international equity markets whenstudying returns across international financial markets. Therefore, the topic ofasymmetric dependence structures, such as high dependence in a bear period ofthe stock market is very important for both the risk control and the policy management.In addition, the benefits derived from an international diversification ofasset allocation are often affected by asymmetric dependence structures.