标题：Strategi pengembangan peruncit asing di Malaysia: Kes Pasar Raya Besar (Foreign retailers’ expansion strategy to Malaysia: The case of the hypermarket)
其他标题：Foreign retailers' expansion strategy to Malaysia: The case of the hypermarket
期刊名称：Geografia : Malaysian Journal of Society and Space
电子版ISSN：2180-2491
出版年度：2016
卷号：12
期号：4
页码：116-130
出版社：Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
摘要：Pengantarabangsaan perniagaan runcit telah berkembang pesat sejak akhir tahun 1980-an apabila peruncit utama dunia melebarkan pengaruhnya ke pasaran baru. Malaysia juga tidak ketinggalan menerima kemasukan peruncit dari luar negara. Beberapa strategi telah digunakan oleh peruncit untuk mengembangkan operasi ke pasaran baru terutama di negara sedang membangun seperti pengembangan secara dalaman/organik, penggabungan dan pengambilalihan, usaha sama, sistem francais dan pelaburan tanpa kawalan. Melihat pasar raya besar sebagai kes kajian, pengkaji mendapati peruncit asing menggunakan strategi pengembangan secara organik serta proses penggabungan dan pengambilalihan selain syarat wajib menjalinkan usaha sama dengan syarikat bumiputera tempatan. Kesan pengembangan boleh dilihat apabila bilangan pasar raya besar di Malaysia telah bertambah dari 58 buah cawangan pada 2007 kepada 124 buah sehingga akhir 2014. Wilayah Lembah Klang kekal sebagai kawasan tump uan utama pengembangan selain bandar-bandar utama lain.
其他摘要：Internationalisation of retailing has been increasing rapidly since late 1980s when international major retailers spread their wings to new territorial markets. Malaysia is not exempted from this trend and has been a pivotal investment destination of several internatio nal retailers. The country has witnessed various expansion strategies of these retailers such as internal/organic expansion, merger and acquisition, joint venture, franchise system and non- control investments. This study took a closer look at the case of the foreign-based hypermarkets in Malaysia and found that such hypermarkets expanded their presence through organic expansion as well as merger and acquisition. In these strategies retailers provided at least 30% of local equity through joint venture with other Bumiputera (indigenous) firms. The expansionary impact was evidenced by the marked increase in the number of foreign hypermarkets across the nation: from 58 in 2007 to 124 in late 2014. The highly urbanised Klang Valley region remained the expansionary hub of the foreign-based hypermarkets.
关键词：pasar raya besar; percantuman dan pengambilalihan; perniagaan runcit; peruncit antarabangsa; sistem ; francais; usahasama
其他关键词：franchise system; hypermarkets; international retailers; joint venture; merger and acquisition; retailing
