期刊名称：International Journal of Basic & Applied Physiology
印刷版ISSN：2320-172X
出版年度：2013
期号：1
页码：258-267
语种：English
出版社：Society of Basic & Applied Physiology
摘要：Obesity is highly prevalent in the modern world and it is associated with the development of a number of serious medical complications, like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Earlier, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was regarded as a disease occurring in adults, while type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) occurs in children and adolescents. This is true that T2DM is still more prevalent in adults, but there is increasing evidence that onset of type 2 diabetes in youth is frequently observed. Obesity increases the risk of T2DM by causing insulin resistance and directly or indirectly affecting the ability of the pancreas to secrete adequate amount of insulin. However, several risk factors have been identified as contributors to the development of type 2 diabetes in adolescents. These factors include ethnicity, genetic, unhealthy diet, inadequate sleep, physical inactivity and increased body fat and abdominal fat. There is no clear explanation of how these factors increase risk, but they appear to act in an additive fashion and create problems during the critical period of adolescent development. So efforts should be done to reduce the obesity will lower the risk of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. Key Words: Obesity, Type 2 diabetes, Adolescent
