出版社：State Institution “O.M. MARZEYEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH OF THE NAMS OF UKRAINE"
摘要：Important countermeasure of public protection in case of nuclear accidents is iodine prophylaxis using stable iodine. Stable iodine administration among population is the effective early countermeasure to protect thyroid gland; it is one of the elements in fast response system after nuclear accidents. The aim of iodine prophylaxis is maximal reducing of absorbed in the thyroid due to the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the body thereby risk minimization of harmful health effects. The main task of planning and effective use of iodine prophylaxis is providing for all groups of population (in the first place children and embryo/fetus) with stable iodine with the shortest possible delay. In accordance with international and national legislation the efficiency of iodine prophylaxis depends on timing of its administration. To obtain full effectiveness of stable iodine for thyroidal blocking it requires that it be administered shortly before exposure or as soon after as possible. One of the lessons of Chornobyl is failure to carry out of iodine prophylaxis. In Ukraine alone it was performed 7460 thyroid surgical operations in people who were children during Chornobyl accident. Iodine prophylaxis during nuclear accident in 1986 fulfilled ineffective. It was conditioned by essential delay in decision-making, by problems with emergency-broadcast system and stable iodine providing. Guidelines concerning administration of stable iodine for the population of Ukraine are proposed. To date there are no itemized documents due to order of iodine prophylaxis in Ukraine. It is necessary to develop guidelines about iodine prophylaxis among people in case of radiation accident using international (IAEA, WHO, ICRP) and national requirements, guidelines, experience of another countries and lessons of Chornobyl accident.
