出版社：State Institution “O.M. MARZEYEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH OF THE NAMS OF UKRAINE"
摘要：Objective. We assessed the informativeness of a number of modern criterion indices of the carcinogenic risk of ambient air pollution. Materials and methods. We studied a state of ambient air pollution with prior carcinogenic substances (benzopyrene, nitrosoamines, formaldehyde, benzene, lead, chromium IV, nickel, cadmium) on the territory of several cities of Ukraine with different types of industry. Low temperature spectral-luminescent and gas-chromatographic methods were used for the identification of carcinogenic compounds. Results. Analysis of the state of air medium of the studied settlements demonstrated a significant pollution of the ambient air with the chemical carcinogenic substances. By the MAC criterion and integral index of total pollution a quality of ambient air is considered to be the most dangerous in the cities with a prevailing metallurgical industry whereas by risk criterion – in the cities with a prevailing chemical industry. Individual risk of the inhalation effect of the majority of revealed substances can be classified as low or medium (10-3-10-6) and total carcinogenic risk (10-3) – as a high, irrespective of the industrial type of the cities. Nitrosoamines, benzene, chromium are the prior substances. The highest population risk is predicted for the residents of the administrative center, and cumulative risk and high annual growth of oncologic diseases stipulated ecologically should be expected among the population of the city with chemical character of industry mainly. Conclusions. For the assessment of the state of the environmental objects, ambient air in particular, it is expediently to use generally accepted standards (MACs), and for risk assessment of ambient air pollution for the health of population – reference concentrations and risk indices.
