出版社：State Institution “O.M. MARZEYEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH OF THE NAMS OF UKRAINE"
摘要：Objective. We substantiated a significance of the hygienic indices of insolation and natural lighting at the design stage of residential complexes with the integrated educational institutions and other commercial facilities (social and domestic, administrative, public utilities, and others.) under conditions of the compact residential building. Methods. We used sanitary-and-hygienic, analytical methods, methods of sanitary-epidemiological examination, substantiation of proposals, and hygienic recommendations. Subject of inquiry. The results of the scientific sanitary-epidemiological examination of residential and recreational complex with the integrated and attached children’s preschool institution and commercial facilities (Kyiv) were the subject of inquiry in a given work. Results. In the presented project a placement of integrated and attached preschool institution and a number of the commercial facilities (social and domestic, administrative, public utilities, and others.) in the united planning space was provided by the architectural solutions. National legislation does not provide a placement of the above-mentioned objects in the united planning space of the residential complex. There is no experience of the functioning of the analogues existing objects both in Ukraine and abroad as well. The non-standard architectural planning solutions were applied for the supply of the standard levels of insolation and natural lighting of the classrooms and bedrooms oriented to the north-east, north and south facades. The height of these premises in the united building space is allowed from 3 m up to 7.6 m. As a result, the roof of the first floor has a "zig-zag" form on the south facade. The introduction of such innovations allowed a design of the additional upper side window on the wall of the south facade (7.6 m height) and a providing of the standard insolation and natural lighting in all classrooms irrespective of the facades’ orientation. Placement of the multifunctional objects on the 1st-2nd floors in the united building space and in the united outbuilding territory of the residential complex completely eliminates the possibility of providing the different functional areas of the adjacent territory. Such a placement does not provide a sanitary and epidemiological welfare for all groups of the population. The hygienic indices of insolation and natural lighting were substantiated to be the determinative indices of optimal planning organization of the territory of residential complexes under conditions of compact residential building.
