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  • 标题:Water and Energy Footprint Assessment of Bottled Water Industries in India
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Shalini A. Tandon ; Niranjan Kolekar ; Rakesh Kumar
  • 期刊名称:Natural Resources
  • 印刷版ISSN:2158-706X
  • 电子版ISSN:2158-7086
  • 出版年度:2014
  • 卷号:05
  • 期号:02
  • 页码:68-72
  • DOI:10.4236/nr.2014.52007
  • 语种:English
  • 出版社:Scientific Research Publishing
  • 摘要:Assessment of water and energy footprint for eight bottled water industries was carried out. The investigation showed that one litre of bottled water has a water footprint of 17.41 litres and energy footprint of 7.08 MJ. Water consumption by the industry comprises 61% during material production, 17% in processes, 16% in energy and only 6% in the actual product. Hence, maximum consumption of water is in material production, while the processes required a smaller fraction of the total water and energy consumed. Therefore, water footprint can be reduced through optimization of water consumption in material production.
  • 关键词:Bottled Water; Water Footprint; Energy Footprint; PET
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