Biological Anthropology of the Department of Anthropology at University of West Bohemia in Plzeň was established in the year 2000. The purpose of this step was to broaden the range of courses which relate to the biological basis of human behaviour. This resulted in the accreditation of the master’s degree programme Anthropology of Past Populations. Anthropology of Past Populations aims at training future specialists in bioarchaeology. Graduates of the programme are taught to use all the information which is available from the human skeletal remains along with all the information from related fields of archaeology and comparative ethnology to build an image of past human societies. The research activities of the individual members closely linked to the overall aims of the Division of Biological Anthropology. They all have a common denominator, this being a retrospective and evolutionary approach to the study of past human societies.