Fifteen healthy pregnant women at term, between the ages of 21 and 31 years, with their newborn babies, were investigated for their 2,3-DPG levels. All the babies were born by caesarean section. Seventeen nonpregnant women in the same age range as the mother group, without cardiopulmonary disease, metabolic disorder or severe anemia, were also investigated and used as the control group. Samples were collected from umbilical vessels in newborn babies and from arm vessels in mothers and nonpregnant women. The levels of 2,3-DPG were measured by the ultraviolet enzymatic method of Sigma Chemical Company. The results were as follows: 1. The 2,3-DPG lovels in teram of whole blood among the three groups were not significantly different. 2. The 2,3-DPG levels in terms of hemoglobin, the highest in the mother group and there was no difference the between the nonpregnant women and the newborn baby groups.