标题：Integrated Land and Water Resources Conservation and Management-Development Plan Using Remote Sensing and GIS of Chevella Sub-Watershed, R.R.Distict, Andhra Pradesh, India
期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2008
卷号：XXXVII-B8
页码：729-732
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：The study area Chevella located at a distance of about 42 km from Hyderabad city covers an area of about 5000 ha, is one of the drought prone areas in the Rangareddy district of Andhra Pradesh. Groundwater is the main source for irrigation and for drinking purpose. The primary objective of the study is the soil and water conservation through multi-thematic information derived from remote sensing data for optimal management of soil and water resources for drought proofing on long-term basis. An attempt is made in the present study to suggest an action plan for the sustainable development of the area using GIS and Remote Sensing techniques. For the present study IRS P6 LISS III, IRS 1D LISS-III and IRS 1D PAN Imagery have been used for the preparation of land use/land cover, hydrogeomorphogy and soil maps. Geologically most of watershed is covered by Deccan basalt formation comprising nearly horizontal lava flows. In the northern part of the study area, the basalts are lateritised whereas in the southern part moderate to thick soil covers the granites. The major geomorphic units mapped in the area are moderately dissected plateau, moderately thick buried Pediplain, moderately thick Lateritic plateau and structural valley. Among all moderately dissected plateaus, cover most part of the area. In the study area good to moderate ground water prospects are there in structural valleys with distinct lineaments and moderately thick buried Pediplain. Moderate ground water prospects occur in moderately thick Lateritic plateau with weathered and fracture zones. Similarly, moderate to poor ground water prospects are found in moderately dissected plateau. Massive basalts have limited prospects until they encounter intertrappeans without clay formations. In such areas dug wells have been successful. Most part of the area is very gently sloping. Some patches in the southern part of the area are nearly level. In view of the vital importance of water for human and animal life, for maintaining ecological balance and for economic and developmental activities of all kinds, and considering its increasing scarcity, the planning and management of this resource and its optimal, economical and equitable use has become a matter of the utmost urgency a complete action plan for the development of land and water resources has been suggested. Arc Hydrology model of ArcGIS 9.0 version is been used to propose various soil moisture conservation and water harvesting structures. Vegetative barriers have been suggested to prevent soil erosion and to preserve soil moisture covering the area where severe erosion occurs particularly in the Kharif Un-irrigated land. Similarly, six check dams, two percolation tanks is suggested at different locations across streams and farm ponds, in the agricultural lands for the development of ground water. Similarly, some alternate land use practices like horticulture, Silvipature, nurseries is been suggested for the optimum utilization of land & water resources. The Chevella sub-watershed with rolling topography and gentle slopes tending towards south direction and elevations of 575 to 670 m above mean sea level is drained by numerous streamlets. Thus from the study it is recommended that water harvesting should be given importance to avoid the wastage of rainwater from the watershed. This will also increase the groundwater recharge besides providing supplementary irrigation during Rabi season. Farmers should be encouraged with regard to making of farm ponds and soil conservation measures
