期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2008
卷号：XXXVII Part B4
页码：405-412
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：The analysis of LIDAR data to extract surface features is of great interest in photogrammetric research. Our investigations show that the same material of a surfaces (e.g. gabled roof) yields to different measured values for the intensity due to the incidence angle. These values are strongly correlated to the incidence angle of the laser beam on the surface. Therefore we improve the value of the intensity by considering the incidence angle derived by the sensor and object position as well as its surface orientation. The surface orientation is estimated by the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix including all object points inside a close environment. The adaptation of vegetation areas is disregarded. After these improvements the intensity does no longer depend on the incidence angle but may be influenced by the material of the object surface only. The surface characteristic depends on the used wavelength. A measurement campaign was carried out to investigate the influences of the incidence angle on the measured intensity. By considering the incidence angle and the distance between sensor and object the laser data captured from different flight paths (data stripes) can be successfully fused. In our experiments it could be shown that the normalization of the intensity for the investigated areas are improved
关键词：Laser Data; Full-Waveform; Point Clouds; Intensity; Normalization; Covariance; Eigenvalues; Lambertian Law
