期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2008
卷号：XXXVII Part B4
页码：635-638
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：Virtual field archaeological environment involves many key technologies and implement flow, which mainly includes acquiring automatically and quickly multi-resource spatial data and building data models and three-dimensional body visualization and network cooperative interactive-working and building knowledge base and models base for field archaeological digging and decision-making and so on.In the last two years, the author had some relative research and experience on archaeological data management based on Geographical Information System (GIS) involving spatial data acquisition, three-dimensional GIS visualization, cultural site analysis and estimation. Concretely, the author studied on: ① acquiring quickly field archaeological spatial data, which includes data obtaining based on close-range digital photogrammetry by digital camera, with which the archaeological mapping and three-dimensional data by projection from two-dimensional plane image maps all could be implemented and get, and data acquisition for large site scene based on three-dimensional laser scanner; ②proposing the general data model of field archaeology——hybrid 3D spatial data model based on facial model and volumetric model according to the classification of stratum and geographical object; ③fusion and visualization of multi-resource data for field archaeological spatial data; ④ human being and historical evolvement for region archaeology with the spatial and attribute data in different periods based on spatial analysis; ⑤data mining based on spatial and attribute database with the relative arithmetic such as support vector machine, genetic algorithms, fuzzy clustering, fuzzy reasoning etc.; ⑥archaeological data management system based on GIS, which took the example of cultural relics along the Eastern Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion and so on. All the above researches and experience not only transformed the traditional mode of the mapping data capture in field archaeology, but also decreased greatly the workload of the work on the premise of enough accuracy, realizing the transformation from manual mode to computer-aided and information management and heightening the efficiency in data capture and processing and mapping and management, which is a good base for information search of relics and the simulation and recurrence of archaeological environment and spatial analysis and decision-making. This article sums up the work in the last years and puts forward the framework and implement flow of virtual field archaeological environment based on the integration of the basic work available and the presentation of not only static objects, such as tombs, but also dynamic processes, for instance sites migration and wireless working model which allows multi-users to operate the same work from geographically distributed places collaboratively and spatial decision-making and support system etc.. The main flow is as following:In the phase of the presentation and simulation of static objects and dynamic processes, building and integrating the multi-resource data such as raster data and vector data, and data models based on database technology on a uniform platform. Especially solve structure of data storage and 3D body visualization and the management and interaction of multi-resource data models.Established the virtual archaeology geography environment based on LAN and wireless LAN by synthesizing the production of Web GIS and three-dimensional GIS technique available as well as the international standard of distributed interactive technique. The aim is to aid the study and research between field archaeology workers in different areas, and to provide a new environment for long-distance expert consultation. The main key techniques of the contents are the research and implement on cooperation work, long-distance supervise and expert consultation technique as well as the study of integration and multi-manipulation of virtual archaeological environment system.In the phase of the spatial decision-making and supporting, the knowledge base and rule base could be built based on the archaeological knowledge. At the same time, including the research on archaeological excavation and the digging mechanism of time-space data, and the research on construction of the colony decision-making intelligence and the mechanism of interact-working and so on. We can also save all of the intercommunion of the experts through internet, what's more analyzed and dig the knowledge of the experts. Then add all the digging knowledge into knowledge base to enrich and improve the content, consequently enhance the intelligence level of the spatial decision-making and supporting system. The main target of this study is to combine field archaeology spot with relevant cultural relic protection organizations and function branches, science & research organizations by means of LAN & wireless LAN as a whole one, so as to establish and adjust important excavation projects, and solve problems occurred at the field excavation spot, and increase the quality and level of the field work by using the information of archaeology relic and experts' knowledge on the scientific environment and platform. And at the same time it makes the simulated ancient circumstance more manipulable and be personally on the scene for the common visitors and audiences. As the
关键词：Field Archaeology; Close-range Digital Photogrammetry; Data Model; Knowledge Base; Virtual Scene; Spatial ; Decision-making and Supporting
