期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2007
卷号：XXXVI-1/W51
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) represent the terrain elevation in discrete form in three-dimensional space. This is the simplest form of 3D-terrain representation and the most common. The accuracy and morphologic details of the height models represent the quality. With SPOT-5 and ASTER stereo models DEMs have been generated in the Zonguldak test field, located in Turkey at the Black Sea coast. In addition to these, also the height models of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) from C-band and also from X- band have been analyzed. The SRTM C-band and X-band data have been obtained with single-pass Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique. SRTM C-band has 3 arcsec and X-band 1 arcsec point spacing with 1 arcsec corresponding to approximately 30m at the equator. The height models from the optical space sensors have been generated with three times the ground sampling distance (GSD) corresponding to 15m for SPOT-5 and 45m for ASTER. As reference a DEM from large scale aerial photos with a spacing of 10m is available. The height models from image matching as well as from SRTM are digital surface models, showing the visible surface presented by the top of the vegetation and buildings. By this reason and the fact of matching problems in forest areas, the analysis has been made separately for open and forest areas. A standard deviation of the heights based on SPOT for flat terrain of 2.97m for open and 3.66m for forest areas, for SRTM X-band 3.97m for open and 4.49m for forest areas, for SRTM C-band 4.25m for open and 6.14m for forest areas and for ASTER 7.29m for open and 8.08m for forest areas has been achieved. Also the morphologic details of the SPOT height model are better than for the other DEMs; this is dominated by the point spacing.
