期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2007
卷号：XXXVI-5/C53
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：The use of digital photogrammetry in recording and documentation of archaeological sites, historical structures and objects, offers nowadays a wide range of possibilities in terms of data acquisition (semi-metric or consumer digital cameras, digital stereo-camera systems,…), data processing (monoscopic or stereoscopic plotting, 3D model reconstruction,…) and representation (orthophotos, photo-textured 3D models,…). By means of photogrammetry is in fact possible not only an accurate geometric reconstruction, but also the collection of other important data for the knowledge of Cultural Heritage objects and structures (colors, texture and materials, damage state, …), useful also to support conservation and restoration activities. On the other hand, restoration activities have been in some cases carried out in the past without leaving appropriate documentation, and changing some object aspects: in these cases the availability of historical images is often the only way to study and reconstruct the "past". Together with the simple qualitative analysis of some object characteristics, like for example the changes and the decay in the used material or in the decorations, the powerful tools today offered by the digital photogrammetric systems permit in fact the metric reconstruction of the object state also in past epochs, using historical imagery like digitized old photos and illustrations from books. Obviously the key phase in this process is the calibration of these images, often critical because of many problems: the low quality of the available pictures in terms of resolution and radiometry, the lack of informations about the images (acquisition period and method, camera information), the difficulty in finding accurate data like constraints or control points considered valid also in the epoch of interest, the difficulty of modeling all the distortions or deformations suffered by the images in the time course. The paper is related to a multi-disciplinary project started in 1999, within a collaboration established between the University of Bologna and the Archaeological Superintendence of Pompeii. In the frame of this project was activated a rigorous survey, by the integration of different geomatic techniques (GPS, Laser Scanning, Photogrammetry, Visual Reality), of the most significant nymphaea of Ercolano and Pompeii (Naples); these are elements of remarkable archaeological and artistic value and presenting various geometric characteristics, needing a very accurate description of the decorative apparatus, often entrusted to particularly complex and rich mosaics
关键词：Cultural Heritage; Close Range Photogrammetry; Historical images; Modeling; Calibration
