期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2004
卷号：XXXV Part B7
页码：648-652
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：Turkey is one of the most seismically active countries in the world and most of her damaging earthquakes are of inland-type. These earthquakes mostly result in permanent ground deformation as a consequence of faulting and liquefaction. Liquefaction is a process by which sediments below the water table temporarily lose strength and behave as a viscous liquid rather than a solid. The actions in the soil which produce liquefaction are as follows; seismic waves and especially primarily shear waves. Photogrammetry and remote sensing methods, in which aerial photographs, satellite images and SAR laser profiling data are used, provide wide opportunities for determination of ground displacement depending on resolution and measuring accuracy. This study was undertaken as the quantitative measurement of permanent ground deformation and associated strain fields induced by liquefaction and faulting resulted from the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake in Turkey. The permanent ground deformation was measured through aerial photogrammetry technique around the Sapanca Lake and the southern shore of .zmit Bay, in the center of Sakarya city and Avc.lar. The measurement areas around the Sapanca Lake are Hotel region, E.me and Left corner region. The measurement areas around the southern shore of .zmit Bay are Ba.iskele, Seymen, G.lcük, De.irmendere, Hal.dere, Ula.l., Hersek and Yalova. For the purpose, 1:35 000 scaled aerial photographs taken before the earthquake in 1994 and 1:16 000 scaled aerial photographs taken after the earthquake in 1999 were compared. Only in Avc.lar the aerial photographs taken in four different scales and time were used. After aerial triangulation process, operators made coordinate measurements on points which were determined as common points. The selected common points are cross roads, intersection of roads and streams, building corners, etc. The differences between these common points were interpreted as the liquefaction and / or faulting induced displacements
