期刊名称：ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2194-9042
电子版ISSN：2194-9050
出版年度：2003
卷号：XXXIV-5/W12
出版社：Copernicus Publications
摘要：While the impressive and ambitious technology of laser scanning is evolving very fast, "traditional" methods are striving to earn the attention they deserve. For certain applications of 3D visualization of objects, classical techniques may still be used with impressive results. In this paper the steps for the production of a complete 3D digital rendering of the Katholikon of the Dafni Monastery are presented and described in detail. During a strong earthquake two years ago, the Byzantine Monastery of Dafni in Athens suffered severe damages. This particular monument is considered one of the most important specimens of Byzantine art and architecture worldwide and has been included in the World Heritage by UNESCO. The Laboratory of Photogrammetry of NTUA has carried out a complete and thorough survey of the monument. In addition it was decided to produce a 3D digital model based on the aforementioned survey. The 3D rendering made use of all conventional survey measurements and digital photogrammetric products. These products were either raster orthophotographs or vector drawings. For this effort various types of 3D computer models were considered and their pros and cons assessed and their uses discussed. Wireframes, surface and raster models were considered as the basis of the final product, which would be a 3D virtual reality tour of the church. These models were constructed based on the exploitation of existing detailed survey measurements. This task demanded particular decisions in technical matters, in order for the final product to be as useful and as realistic as possible. The various considerations are thoroughly discussed while their contributions to the final product are taken into account. All material raster required for the final rendering were extracted from the corresponding raster photogrammetric products, i.e. the digital orthophotographs, rectifications and mosaics, using suitable digital image processing techniques. The final virtual tour was constructed using suitable specialized commercial software. However particular decisions should be made as far as camera settings and orbit, lighting and ambiance specifications were concerned. The resulting video lasts for something less than 5 minutes and gives a pretty good idea of the monument. This end product is compared with the actual video taken from a helicopter and furthermore it is assessed for its usefulness. What has actually been achieved is a virtual trip from the actual object via images and survey measurements to a completely rendered 3D model, which could well replace the real object for many needs
关键词：Cultural heritage; 3D rendering video; digital orthophotography
