期刊名称：International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology
印刷版ISSN：2347-6710
电子版ISSN：2319-8753
出版年度：2014
卷号：3
期号：3
页码：10187
出版社：S&S Publications
摘要：Lignocellulose is a generic term for describing the main constituents in most plants, namely cellulose,hemicelluloses, and lignin. Lignocellulose is a complex matrix, comprising many different polysaccharides, phenolicpolymers and proteins. Cellulose, the major component of cell walls of land plants, is a glucan polysaccharidecontaining large reservoirs of energy that provide real potential for conversion into biofuels. Lignocellulosic biomassconsists of a variety of materials with distinctive physical and chemical characteristics. The conversion ofLignocellulosic biomass to ethanol involves pretreatment followed by polysaccharide hydrolysis to simple sugarsfollowed by sugar fermentation to ethanol. The presence of lignin in cell walls negatively impacts these conversionsteps. Sodium hydroxide treatment is one of the highly effective lignin removal methods due to their strong alkanity.The chemical pretreatments of rice husk were carried out with sodium hydroxide and sodium chlorite concentration (1-5%) with the best results at 5% for both the solutions. This greatly enhanced its susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysisat 30 °C. The chemical pretreatments caused deep deacetylation and milder delignification of rice husk and did notcause an apparent loss of cellulose. In addition fungal treatment (Trichoderma reesei) of pretreated samples has beenapplied to improve the conversion of cellulosic material in sugar. The method of alkali pretreatment and subsequentfungal treatment (in different concentrations) results the highest conversion of lignocelluloses in rice husk to sugar andconsequently, highest ethanol yields were 250 mg/gram dry biomass after 6 days fermentation with Saccharomycescerevisiae.
