摘要：Los trastornos del sueño son una patología muy frecuente tanto aislada, propia como tal, o asociada a otros trastornos. Sin embargo, es una parte de la medicina relativamente nueva, dado que ha sido en los últimos 40 años cuando se ha trabajado realmente en ella, y se han producido los avances tanto diagnósticos como terapéuticos. Las clasificaciones de estas enfermedades han ido sufriendo cierta evolución, fijándose primero en los síntomas, y luego en las enfermedades. La nueva clasificación del 2005 vuelve a basarse en los síntomas. En ella se incluyen más de 90 enfermedades del sueño, y se intentan incluir tanto los síntomas, como las enfermedades propiamente del sueño y aquellas en las que los trastornos del sueño son fundamentales. Conocer y dominar esta completa clasificación es esencial para poder manejar adecuadamente estos pacientes.
其他摘要：Sleep disorders are frequent processes, both as a symptom associated with other diseases and as independent disorders. However, only in the last 4 decades has Sleep medicine gained its position among the medical specialties. In fact, it was only in these years that significant advances were obtained in the study of the etiology and treatment of these disorders. Similarly, the different classifications have been evolving over the years. First, they were based upon the clinical symptom; later on, more emphasis was given to the diseases. Finally, in 2005, the new classification was once again based on the symptoms. More than 90 disorders are listed in this latest classification, and an attempt is made to include the symptoms and the diseases of sleep, as well as those in which sleep disorders are fundamental. It is essential to have a clear idea of this complete classification of sleep disorders in order to deal with these patients appropriately.
