标题：Diseño y validación de escalas para medir la actitud adolescente hacia: sexualidad, sustancias adictivas y seguridad vial: ¿Se relacionan con los comportamientos?
其他标题：Design and validation of scales to measure adolescent attitudes toward sexuality, addictive substances and road safety: Are they related to behaviour?
摘要：Fundamento. Validar escalas para evaluar la actitud adolescente hacia la sexualidad (EAS), las sustancias adictivas (EASA) y la seguridad vial (EASV), y examinar sus relaciones con comportamientos en dichas áreas. Material y métodos. Se diseñaron las escalas mediante revisión bibliográfica, se validó su contenido mediante panel Delphi on-line con 18 expertos y pretest con 21 alumnos de cuarto de educación secundaria obligatoria en Sevilla. Éstas se administraron junto a preguntas sobre comportamientos a otros 188 alumnos para determinar su validez de constructo (análisis factorial exploratorio), fiabilidad (Alfa de Cronbach) y su correlación con las variables: edad, género, inicio de relaciones sexuales, consumo de sustancias y prácticas viales. Resultados. La escala EAS-10 obtuvo un α=0,73, EASA-12 de α=0,80, y EASV-12 de α=0,79. Mostraron evidencias de unidimensionalidad en el análisis factorial, a) pesos r>0,30 en el primer factor, que explicaba una proporción importante de varianza, b) varianza total explicada por factores principales mayor al 50%. Se encontraron correlaciones entre EASA-12 y experimentación con tabaco (r=-0,43, p
其他摘要：Background. To validate scales to measure adolescent attitudes toward sexuality (EAS), toward addictive substances (EASA) and toward vial security (EASV), and to examine their correlations with behaviour on these areas. Methods. We designed the scales by literature review; we validated their content using a Delphi-on-line panel with 18 experts, and a pre-test with a sample of 21 fourth-grade high-school students (similar to 10th in US) in Seville, Spain. The scales were administered to 188 fourth-grade high-school students in order to test their construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), their reliability (Alpha Cronbach test), and to determinate their correlations with age, gender, experience of sexual intercourse, substance use and road behaviour. Results. EAS-10 obtained α=0.73, EASA-12 obtained α=0.80, EASV-12 obtained α=0.79. They showed evidence of one-dimensional interpretation after factor analysis, a) all items achieved weights r>0.30 in the first factor, which explained a significant proportion of variance before rotations, and b) total variance explained by the main factors extracted was greater than 50%. We found correlations between EASA-12 and tobacco use (r=-0.43, p
关键词：Adolescencia;Actitud frente a la salud;Conducta de riesgo;Escala;Estudios de validación
其他关键词：Adolescence;Attitude to health;Risky behaviour;Scale;Validation studies
