摘要：Multiple myeloma is considered to be an incurable disease. Despite the introduction of autologous stem cell transplantation and more recently novel agents, such as lenalido- mide and bortezomib, allogeneic stem cell transplantation still induces the highest rate of clinical complete and molecular remission and it can induce long-term freedom from disease in about 30-40% of the cases. The major disadvantage is the higher morbidity and mortality of this approach, which are caused by immunological complications after transplantation such as graft-versus- host disease and infectious diseases. However, donor derived T-cells and may also NK cells can also induce a graft versus myeloma effect. This graft versus tumor effect seems to be less strong than in other hematological dis- eases, but donor-lymphocyte infusions given to patients who relapsed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation can induce response rate between 40% and 67%. Allogeneic stem cell therapy studies suggest that achievement of molecular remission after transplantation is associated with long-term freedom from disease. Modern myeloma therapy approaches should lower the therapy related mortality of al- logeneic stem cell transplantation and use this immunological platform for immunolog- ical-or drug based therapies post transplantation to achieve molecular remission and ultimately cure
