摘要：The aim of this study was to evaluate the posaconazole (PCZ) plasma levels in the pres- ence of patient-specific factors and the possible correlation between plasma levels and the clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. Acceptable levels for prophylaxis are ≥0.5 mg/L, although levels >0.7 mg/L have been recommended. Twenty-two AML patients in first-induction were included, receiving posaconazole as primary prophylaxis (200 mg/tid). The PCZ mean levels in 15 samples, obtained after 5-7 days, were 0.49±0.6 mg/L and in 34, obtained within 8-15 days, were 1.03±0.78 mg/L. The failure to reach adequate levels was related mainly to the use of proton-pump inhibitors or to poor compliance. Antifungal therapy was needed in 27% of patients, all with inadequate levels. No breakthrough aspergillosis was documented. In our experience, therapeutic drug monitoring seemed helpful to identify PCZ low con- centrations and to optimise the treatment strategy
