摘要：The supply of European rivers is mainly an effect of water delivered from rainfall and the melting of snow cover. These phenomena are strongly diversi- fied seasonally and regionally determining not only the outflow regime, but also natural and economic relations in river valleys (Knapp 1979). In polar and high-mountains glaciated areas the main volume of water, reaching 80% of the total, is transferred dur- ing the short melting season from ablating ice covers (Singh, Singh 2001). These regions are characterized by limited possibilities of water storage in the ground because of thin sedimentary covers and permafrost occurrence, temporarily unfreezing to the depth of 1 m below the surface or more. These areas are also under strong and distinct influence of the global warming and hydrological changes (Nelson 2003). Main media of water storage in glaciated basins in different time scales are snow and ice covers (Jansson et al. 2003). Water is released from them with different intensity during the short period of summer positive temperatures. Even some slight en- vironmental changes may have the influence on abrupt release of considerable amounts of water. It is deciding about short-term rhythm and seasonality of processes run in glaciated catchments, triggering sig- nificant floods, rebuilding valley floors, not stabi- lized with plant covers. The aims of the present paper are to describe types of floods in glaciated catchments of the High Arctic with some examples of their geomorphologic effects.
