摘要：OBJECTIVE: Resection of root end, preparation of a retrocavity and retrofilling with a suitable material are the three basic steps of apicoectomy. The aim of this study was to investigate, with a SEM analysis, the adaptation of four different adhesive systems applied onto ultrasonic or Er:Cr:YSGG laser-treated retrograde cavity surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHOD : Fifty extracted human incisor teeth were used. The teeth were decoronated to a length of15 mm and the canals were prepared using ProTaper system with a crown-down technique. The apical3 mm was cut perpendicular to the long axis of the root using a fissure bur. Retrograde cavities were prepared using ultrasonic tip or Er,Cr:YSGG laser on the exposed root surfaces. Root specimens of the ultrasonic or laser groups were randomly divided to four groups. One of four adhesive systems were applied in each group (Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfill Protect Bond, Clearfill S3 Bond or Optibond SOLO Plus). Smear layer produced on the root surface after ultrasound or laser, and the quality of the hybrid layer and resin tags that have formed after application of the adhesives were examined under SEM. RESULTS: Characteristics of the smear layer formed after the use of ultrasonic or laser were different. The thickness and integrity of the hybrid layer and penetration into dentinal tubules of the adhesives were also found to differ depending on the use of ultrasound or laser. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study suggest that the selfetch adhesive system be selected according to the retrocavity preparetion technique used.
