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  • 标题:Reasoning in Theory and Practice (OSSA 2005 Keynote Address)
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Stephen Toulmin
  • 期刊名称:Informal Logic
  • 印刷版ISSN:0824-2577
  • 出版年度:2004
  • 卷号:24
  • 期号:2
  • 出版社:Informal Logic
  • 摘要:As my book The Uses of Argument pointed out, we must look and see how our critical standards vary from one area or activity to another-e.g. from politics to aesthetics. Hence we need to explore how these critical standards evolve. and how the most reflective and best-informed people in any area of experience refine those standards. We cannot understand where we are now unless we understand how we got here, even in a field like mathematics. Hence we must modestly recognize that the best we can do now is the best we can do now; and that those who come after us will move beyond our ideas. There is much contingency in these historical developments.
  • 关键词:argument, critical standards, The Uses of Argument, fields
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